Show summary Hide summary
Malnutrition is an often underestimated condition, but it can have serious health consequences, especially among older adults, people with chronic illnesses, or those living in precarious circumstances. It occurs when nutritional intake no longer meets the body’s needs, leading to a gradual loss of muscle mass, weight, and vitality. Detecting the signs of malnutrition early allows for prompt action and can prevent complications that may become irreversible. Here are the symptoms you should watch closely.
Visible Physical Signs
Unintentional Weight Loss
One of the first signs of malnutrition is rapid and unexplained weight loss. Losing more than 5% of body weight in one month, or over 10% in six months, should be a red flag, especially if it happens without dieting or any intentional change in eating habits.
Muscle Wasting
Muscle loss, particularly in the arms, thighs, and face, may be subtle at first but worsens over time. It is accompanied by overall weakness and reduced muscle tone.
À lireThis simple breathing exercise turbocharges performance, here’s why it works
À lireYou’re probably doing squat wrong, this simple trick fixes everything
Fragile Skin and Hair
Dry, thin skin that heals poorly, along with dull hair or hair that falls out easily, can signal a lack of essential nutrients such as proteins, vitamins, or fatty acids.
Functional Signs
Persistent Fatigue
Malnutrition leads to a marked loss of energy. The person may feel constantly tired and weak, even after a good night’s sleep or minimal effort.
Loss of Appetite
Paradoxically, malnutrition can also cause appetite loss. This vicious cycle makes the condition worse: the less you eat, the deeper the malnutrition becomes.
Digestive Problems
Nausea, bloating, constipation, or irregular bowel movements can also be linked to inadequate or unbalanced nutrition, disrupting normal digestion.
Cognitive and Behavioral Signs
Difficulty Concentrating
A poorly nourished brain functions more slowly. Memory lapses, concentration problems, or confusion can be warning signs, especially in older adults.
Mood Changes
Malnutrition can lead to irritability, apathy, or loss of interest in daily activities. These psychological symptoms should be taken seriously and not mistaken for simple depression.
Signs Specific to Older Adults
Reduced Mobility
In seniors, muscle wasting due to malnutrition increases the risk of falls, fractures, and loss of independence. Walking becomes more difficult, and everyday tasks require more effort.
Increased Susceptibility to Infection
A body weakened by malnutrition is less able to fight off viruses and bacteria. More frequent infections or prolonged recovery times may result.
Changes in Taste or Smell
With age, taste and smell sensations can diminish, making meals less appealing and further reducing nutritional intake.
How to Respond to These Symptoms
Get a Medical Evaluation
If you notice several of these signs, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional. A nutritional assessment can help evaluate overall health, identify deficiencies, and tailor care appropriately.
Create a Personalized Nutrition Plan
Enriched meals, divided into several small portions throughout the day, protein-rich snacks, and, if necessary, oral nutritional supplements can help restore balance.
Monitor Progress
À lirePhysios swear by this 10 cm Mini-Steps to fire up your glutes and improve stability
À lireThis is how to know if you’re actually hydrated, most people get it wrong
Regularly tracking weight, appetite, mobility, and overall health is essential to adjust care and prevent worsening of the condition.
Malnutrition is a silent but preventable danger if you know how to recognize the signs early. Paying close attention to physical, functional, and psychological changes can make all the difference. Taking care of nutrition, especially in vulnerable situations, is key to maintaining health and independence at any age.
